RESUMEN
La infección por Helicobacter pylori es bastante común a nivel mundial, y tiene asociación con el adenocarcinoma gástrico. Las altas tasas de resistencia encontradas en países latinoamericanos justifican la investigación de tasas de resistencia local, lo que podría mejorar el enfoque terapéutico y las tasas de erradicación. El objetivo es evaluar la prevalencia de la resistencia de Helicobacter pylori a los antibióticos de uso común en Perú. Se incluyeron todos los estudios en población peruana que revelaron tasas de resistencia antibiótica de Helicobacter pylori. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de la literatura hasta enero del 2021, utilizando PubMed y otras bases de datos. Para el grupo de estudios de pacientes con punto de corte EUCAST, la resistencia fue la siguiente: Amoxicilina 14% (IC 95%: 6-25), Claritromicina 43% (IC 95%: 30-57), Metronidazol 58% (IC 95%: 22-90) y Quinolonas 51% (IC 95%: 38-64). Para el grupo de estudios de muestras con punto de corte EUCAST, los siguientes: Amoxicilina 57% (IC del 95%: 51-63), Claritromicina 35% (IC 95% 30-41), Metronidazol 67% (IC 95%: 62-72) y Tetraciclina 4% (IC 95%: 2-7). Se encontró una alta resistencia antibiótica de Helicobacter pylori en la mayoría de los grupos estudiados, aunque con heterogeneidad entre los estudios. La tasa de resistencia a tetraciclinas fue baja y los estudios mostraron ser homogéneos.
Helicobacter pylori infection is quite common worldwide and is associated with gastric adenocarcinoma. The high rates of resistance found in Latin American countries justify the investigation of local resistance rates, which could improve the therapeutic approach and eradication rates. The objective is to evaluate the prevalence of resistance in Peru of Helicobacter pylori to commonly used antibiotics. All studies in the Peruvian population that revealed rates of antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori were included. A systematic literature search was conducted up to January 2021, using PubMed and other databases. For the group of patient studies with the EUCAST cut-off point, the resistance was as follows: Amoxicillin 14% (95% CI: 6-25), Clarithromycin 43% (95% CI: 30-57), Metronidazole 58% (95% CI: 22-90) and 51% Quinolones (95% CI: 38-64). For the EUCAST cut-off group of sample studies, the following: Amoxicillin 57% (95% CI: 51-63), Clarithromycin 35% (95% CI 30-41), Metronidazole 67% (95% CI: 62-72) and 4% Tetracycline (95% CI: 2-7). A high antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori was found in most of the groups studied, although with heterogeneity between the studies. The rate of resistance to tetracyclines was low and the studies were shown to be homogeneous.
RESUMEN
Helicobacter pylori infection is quite common worldwide and is associated with gastric adenocarcinoma. The high rates of resistance found in Latin American countries justify the investigation of local resistance rates, which could improve the therapeutic approach and eradication rates. The objective is to evaluate the prevalence of resistance in Peru of Helicobacter pylori to commonly used antibiotics. All studies in the Peruvian population that revealed rates of antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori were included. A systematic literature search was conducted up to January 2021, using PubMed and other databases. For the group of patient studies with the EUCAST cut-off point, the resistance was as follows: Amoxicillin 14% (95% CI: 6-25), Clarithromycin 43% (95% CI: 30-57), Metronidazole 58% (95% CI: 22-90) and 51% Quinolones (95% CI: 38-64). For the EUCAST cut-off group of sample studies, the following: Amoxicillin 57% (95% CI: 51-63), Clarithromycin 35% (95% CI 30-41), Metronidazole 67% (95% CI: 62-72) and 4% Tetracycline (95% CI: 2-7). A high antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori was found in most of the groups studied, although with heterogeneity between the studies. The rate of resistance to tetracyclines was low and the studies were shown to be homogeneous.
